黄精是中国传统药食同源中药。《中国药典》（2020年版）中收载了三种药用基源黄精、滇黄精和多花黄精，主要药用部位为其干燥根茎。黄精性味甘平，富含多糖、皂苷、黄酮及生物碱等多种活性成分。有效成分含量是中药发挥正常功效的决定因素，应用于黄精有效成分提取工艺随着中药成分提取技术的创新而不断优化，适用于黄精药用和食用的主要成分提取方法及工艺条件均有差异。因此针对有效成分的特点及用途选择正确有效的提取方法对提高有效成分的得率至关重要。本文系统综述了黄精有效成分的多种提取方法，包括提取工艺的原理、优缺点及应用现状等，以期为不同用途的黄精有效成分最佳提取工艺选择提供理论依据。

Polygonati Rhizoma is a Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). The Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 edition) contains three medicinal source species of Polygonatum sibiricum Red., Polygonatum kingianum Coll.et Hemsl, Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua, and the main medicinal part is its rhizome. Polygonati Rhizoma have sweet and mild property, rich in polysaccharides, saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids and other active ingredients. The content of active ingredients is the determining factor for the normal efficacy of TCM, and the active ingredient extraction process applied to Polygonati Rhizoma is continuously optimized along with the innovation of the extraction technology of TCM ingredients, and the active ingredient extraction methods and process conditions applicable to medicinal and edible Polygonati Rhizoma are different. Therefore, it is very important to choose the correct and effective extraction method to improve the yield of active ingredients according to their characteristics and purposes. This paper reviewed the various extraction methods for the active components of Polygonati Rhizoma, including the principles, advantages and disadvantages, and the current application status of the extraction process, with a view to providing a theoretical basis for the selection of the optimal extraction process of the active components of Polygonati Rhizoma for different applications.